Standards Development

Scope

This proposed technical method specifies a real-time polymerase chain reaction (real-time PCR) method for the qualitative detection of duck-specific DNA derived from food and feed. It requires extraction of an adequate amount of PCR amplifiable DNA from the relevant food and feed matrix and specific primer/probes unique for detection of duck material derived from mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos) and spot-billed duck (Anas zonorhyncha). Cross detection of white-winged duck (Asarcornis scutulata), tufted duck (Aythya fuligula), muscovy duck (Cairina moschata) and Mandarin duck (Aix galericulata) is expected.

Purpose

The duck is an important animal species for the use of the raw material of the foodstuffs. They are a particularly important food source in rural areas of Asia. According to the FAO, Of the 1.15 billion ducks (Anas spp.) kept in 2020 worldwide, 1.0 (89 percent) were in Asia. The largest duck populations are found in China, Vietnam, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Burma, India, Thailand. In addition, other non-Asian countries, such as France, Germany, Hungary, UK, US, Ukraine, etc. also have a certain amount of duck breeding.

Fraudulent adulteration of meat in food and feed threatens both public safety and commerce. The duck meat can be adulterated with other animal meats, especially with chicken meat, goose meat, beef and mutton. Most breeds descend from the mallard duck (Anas platyrhynchos). This proposed technical specification describes a method to detect the duck-specific DNA sequence by targeting the specific conserved region in Anas platyrhynchos breed pekin duck isolate CAU_Pekin_2.0 Chr1, whole genome shotgun sequence (i.e. GenBank accession number JACEUM010000001.1) by real-time PCR. The method was validated by 12 laboratories in the world according to ISO 20813: 2019.

ISO/TS 20224-1~7: 2020 for the method of detection of bovine, ovine, porcine, chicken, goat, horse and donkey were published in July, 2020and ISO/TS 20224-8~9: 2022 for turkey and goose were published in Oct., 2022. The aim of the document is to add the duck DNA detection method to ISO/TS 20224 as a new independent part.