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Standards Development
This document specifies a harmonized test method for collecting and analysing gases generated from secondary cells used for propulsion of electric vehicles, including battery electric vehicles (BEV) and hybrid electric vehicles (HEV). The method is equally applicable to safety-related testing and to laboratory-induced thermal runaway for research purposes.
This document specifies the methods for analysing gases generated under safety -related conditions, including induced catastrophic failure, in a controlled laboratory environment.
This document is limited to cylindrical, prismatic, and pouch -type secondary cells for electric vehicles, and excludes auxiliary cells and cells for electric motorcycles and mopeds.
This standard does not specify safety acceptance criteria, gas concentration limits or pass/fail criteria.
NOTE 1 The gas analysis methods applied in this standard are Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and gas chromatography.
The global market for electrically propelled road vehicles is expanding rapidly, and lithium -ion batteries remain the dominant energy storage technology for electric vehicle propulsion systems. As the number, capacity and application range of traction batteries increase, manufacturers, testing laboratories, vehicle OEMs and research organizations require reliable and comparable information on gases generated from lithium-ion batteries under abnormal, abuse or failure conditions.
Gas generation during abnormal conditions of traction batteries is an important source of technical information for understanding battery behaviour, supporting battery design, failure analysis and technical research. However, test conditions, gas sampling methods, analytical techniques, target gas species and reporting formats are not yet harmonized internationally. This often makes it difficult to compare analytical results obtained by different laboratories or organizations.
This proposed standard provides a common framework for gas sampling, analysis and reporting of gases generated from lithium-ion batteries used for the propulsion of electric road vehicles. The purpose of this document is to improve the consistency, repeatability and comparability of gas analysis results and to facilitate technical communication among stakeholders. The standard does not establish performance requirements, acceptance criteria or pass/fail judgments for battery products.
The market relevance of this work is high because gas analysis is increasingly used during battery design, development, production quality control and post-mortem failure investigation throughout the electric vehicle battery industry.
A harmonized analytical method will improve data quality, enable meaningful comparison of analytical results and promote technical collaboration among battery manufacturers, vehicle OEMs, testing laboratories and research organizations.
This project is not a horizontal project. It does not involve safety (Guideline 104), EMC (Guideline 107), environment (Guideline 109), and quality assurance (Guideline 102).
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