Standards Development

Scope

The scope of this document is the systems assessment of how the automated high -power charging solutions for electric road vehicles could be put into large-scale implementation in less than 5-10 years in most regions around the world. The solutions enable automated charging operations for electric vehicles with automated driving capabilities in designated areas e quipped with automatic EV supply equipment (aEVSE).

The automated high-power charging solutions consist of physically separated subsystems, such as the aEVSE system, automated valet parking systems, vehicle systems, etc. The functionality of automated high-power charging is realized through the collaboration of these subsystems. In most cases, these subsystems are owned and operated by different stakeholders. This document applies to service operators, power grid enterprises, vehicle manufacturers, electric vehicle users, and other stakeholders.

This document provides systems assessment of automated high -power charging solutions for electric vehicles, including analysis of impacts on sustainability, representative use cases and stakeholders. It also identifies key challenges and solution requirements, maps the relevant IEC, ISO, and other standardization committees for automated high-power charging and its subsystems, and systematically reviews existing and ongoing standards. Potential standardization gaps are highlighted, and recommendations are provided to support future standardization efforts. It aims to improve the international standardization system and foster effective collaboration among relevant standardization committees, supporting global efforts toward a more sustainable charging infrastructure for large -scale EV deployment.

Purpose

As the global electric vehicle (EV) market continues its rapid expansion, the development of charging infrastructure is accelerating in parallel. However, the current charging infrastructure faces several significant challenges.

• For private chargers, a considerable proportion of private vehicle users struggle to install their own chargers due to the lack of off-street parking spaces. 

• For public slow-charging stations, while they can support multiple vehicles charging simultaneously with relatively low power capacity demand, they often lead to the occupation of already limited parking resources. Additionally, EV users find it time -consuming and inconvenient to wait for charging or move their vehicles promptly after charging is complete.

• For public fast-charging stations, although they significantly reduce charging time, they also introduce challenges such as concentrated demand during peak periods as the similarity of user behaviors, resulting in potential "Charging Jam", low overall resource utilization, and temporal and spatial mismatches between charging needs and grid capacity availability.

These challenges facing the charging infrastructure have somewhat slowed the electrification process of road transportation. Moreover, issues related to the occupation of parking spaces and electricity resources have become increasingly prominent, making t his a critical problem that urgently needs to be addressed to enhance the sustainability of electrified transportation.

With recent advancements in autonomous driving and automated parking technologies, the deep integration of automated charging with high-power fast-charging solutions holds promise for resolving the three major pain points currently faced by the charging infrastructure. This approach could enable future public charging infrastructure to meet the growing demand for EV charging with fewer parking spaces, lower power capacity requirements, a higher proportion of renewable energy integration, and an improved user experience. Such advancements would accelerate the global transition to electric vehicles while minimizing their impact on parking and grid infrastructure. Furthermore, it would facilitate better interaction between EVs and renewable energy sources.

Therefore, at the 4th SyC SET Plenary Meeting in December 2024, the ahG1 of SyC SET proposed automated high-power charging solutions as a key task to further promote the sustainable development of electric vehicles. The proposal was approved, leading to the establishment of a Preliminary Work Item (PWI) for systems assessment. Following six months of research, preliminary assessments indicate that automated high-power charging solutions can improve parking and power resource utilization efficiency by more than three times compared to conventional public fast -charging stations and by over sixty times compared to public slow-charging stations. Moreover, these solutions can better accommodate the charging needs of individuals with disabilities, women, and the elderly, lowering accessibility barriers and enhancing user experience. This would further accelerate the mass adoption of EVs, promote social equity, minimize the impact of charging infrastructures on historical city centers, and elevate the sustainability of charging infrastructure.

The automated high-power charging solutions involve the coordination and interaction of multiple critical subsystems, such as the aEVSE system, automated valet parking systems, vehicle systems, etc. These subsystems are primarily under the scope of various IEC technical committees. For example, IEC TC 69 is responsible for standardizing automated EV charging infrastructure, and TC 8 defines the principles and requirements for integrating high-power charging facilities into the grid. Additionally, related work involves other standardization organizations, including ISO, ITU, and 3GPP.

However, given the complexity of the subsystems involved, further systems assessment is necessary from a systems committee perspective to support industry efforts in accelerating the deployment of sustainable automated high-power charging solutions. The assessment involves reviewing and summarizing existing standardization activities, identifying key stakeholders and their respective roles, proposing representative use cases, analyzing system requirements and challenges through relevant expert interviews, and identifying standardization gaps and future needs for cross -systems interaction.

This project will produce a Systems Reference Deliverable (SRD) as systems assessment result of automated high-power charging solutions. This document will serve as a "one -stop" reference for industry actors and regulatory bodies, promoting the adoption and application of relevant international standards. It is intended to support the deployment of automated charging infrastructure, especially infrastructure integrated with automated driving, automated parking, and automated charging technologies. Ultimate ly, this initiative will improve the utilization of parking and power resources, enhance the sustainability of EV charging infrastructure and provide robust support for accelerating the global transition to electrified road transportation.