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Standards Development
This document specifies the requirements for identifiers used in supply chain interoperability and integration.
The following are within the scope of this document:
— the general format of supply chain identifiers
— prefix registration
— formatting of location for use in supply chain identifiers
— formatting of date and time for use in supply chain identifiers
A supply chain is a federated ecosystem, an operational model where organizations form a cohesive network through shared data. The ability to quickly verify data is critical to building trust.
Legal entities (who), objects (what), locations (where) or events (when) are identified or described using data sets and it is common practice for a computer system to assign a system unique identifier (primary key) to a data set to allow it to be easily referenced.
Identifiers are intellectual property; they belong to their originator, and the originator is the authoritative source of the data set the identifier references. The ability to track identifier originators is critical to maintaining data integrity across global supply chains.
· The originator of an identifier is the owner of the process that creates the identifier
· The originator decides when the identifier is created, deprecated, or retired.
· The originator can legally restrict the use of the identifier
· Third parties can point to an identifier, but they cannot change the data set it references.
Familiar examples of identifiers are usernames, telephone numbers and email addresses. A username must be unique within a specific system while telephone numbers and email addresses must be unique globally. While uniqueness within a system can be managed locally, global uniqueness requires adherence to internationally agreed standards. As with telephone numbers and email addresses, it is common to add a standardized prefix (telephone country code) or suffix (email domain name) from a centralized controlled list to a local identifier to achieve uniqueness within a wider system. Another way to achieve uniqueness without the use of a centralized controlled list is to use naturally occurring phenomena, such as time, location or a biological feature. These identifiers rely on an agreed standard algorithm to convert the natural phenomena to an identifier, and the identifier is called a “natural identifier”
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