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Standards Development
This document describes the procedure and evaluation of an algae photosystem II inhibition assay, which is an experimental method for detecting the inhibitory effects of environmental chemicals or samples on the photosystem II of unicellular green algae after 2 h exposure, and optionally on their growth during 24 h.
This assay procedure is suitable for the analysis of individual or mixtures of substances as well as native and extracted aqueous environmental samples, such as:
• treated municipal and industrial waste water
• fresh water
• aqueous extracts and leachates
• eluates of soils and fresh water sediments
• pore water of fresh water sediments
Photosystem II (PSII)-inhibiting herbicides, such as diuron or terbuthylazine, are an important group of environmental pollutants [1]. Consequently, six PSII inhibiting herbicides are included as priority substances under the EU water framework directive [2]. In addition, the mode of action of PSII inhibition was identified as relevant in numerous studies, and thus included in proposals for bioassay batteries suggested by NORMAN and other networks [3-7]. Despite the importance of this specific effect [8-10], no standardized bioassay for its assessment is currently available. The current proposal aims to close this gap by suggesting a guideline for an algae PSII inhibition assay, which enables the measurement of PSII in a miniaturized format (96 well plates), thus requiring only little sample volume. Optionally, growth inhibition over 24 h can be measured in the same assay. This allows an efficient and cost-effective measurement of environmental samples.
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