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Standards Development
This document specifies a method for the determination of gel content in radiation cross-linked polyamide and its composite, establishes general principles, and gives guidelines for performance of measurements. The gel content test is applicable for PA6, PA66 and their modified compounds, such as flame-retardant, reinforced, filled ones, etc.This document does not apply to aliphatic and aromatic polyamides that are insoluble in formic acid, as well as their modified plastics.
Cross-linked polyamides and their composites are a type of emerging material. Compared to regular polyamides, the properties of cross-linked polyamides are comprehensively improved, especially with regard to the lack of melt flow above the melting point and the formation of small droplets during burning. These unique properties mean that cross-linked polyamides can sometimes outperform high performance engineering plastics while maintaining excellent electrical properties. This property provides better safety guarantees for various electrical operations and protections, and it has been commercialised for use in low-voltage electrical applications and cars. Cross-linked polyamides can be polyamide alloys, resins or modified materials containing fillers and flame retardants. Gel content is a key indicator when evaluating the quality of cross-linked materials. Unlike traditional cross-linked polyolefins and silicone rubbers, however, there is no unified standard for testing the gel content of cross-linked polyamides. The impregnation method, which is commonly used, requires more solvents and is prone to large errors in manual operation. Furthermore, persistent issues such as acidic hydrolysis at high temperatures or insufficient solubility at room temperature remain unresolved. In high-temperature experiments, the residual mass of the extract continues to decrease, making it difficult to reach equilibrium. In practical applications, cross-linked polyamides are usually modified to contain components such as fillers and flame retardants, which makes characterising the gel content after cross-linking even more challenging. The lack of unified, precise methods and suitable instruments results in inconsistent product quality and potential safety risks. Standardised testing methods provide a scientific basis for the research, development and production of materials. By quantifying the gel content in cross-linked polyamide, enterprises can optimise the testing method and radiation process parameters, thereby facilitating the further development and application of cross-linked polyamide. Accurate testing facilitates its applications as core parts in areas such as electronics and electrical engineering, new energy vehicles, etc. Therefore, developing this standard is imperative. It will promote improvements in the overall quality of products and encourage further development
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