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Standards Development
The proposed work focuses from system perspective on specification of functional performance of grid-forming VSC-HVDC systems. The scope covers definition of grid-forming principles including steady-state performance, inertia response performance, voltage support performance, AC fault response performance, resonance conditions, unbalance component response as well as test methodologies for these performance requirements.
With focus on HVDC perspective this IEC ahG18 has been closely aligned with Cigré B4 grid -forming coordination group.
In contrast to other field of applications (BESS, RES) grid-forming requirements for HVDC applications imperatively require a system level consideration. E.g. active power support upon a grid forming event at one converter station connected to an AC system A can only be supplied via the HVDC link and the remotely connected AC system B. Further grid forming aspects such as voltage magnitude response and islanding are linked directly to interaction with the AC systems and are to be considered from system level perspective
Seldom grid-forming control requirements of VSC-HVDC have been proposed by now, which results that neither manufactures nor end users of VSC-HVDC technology can follow the unified standard. In the meanwhile, with the high proportion of renewable energy and high reliability requirements, the power grid needs more flexibility. VSC-HVDC transmission technology provide a high level of long - distance and large-capacity transmission, as well as controllability, flexibility, and integration of renewable energy. For example, Yu-E Back-to-back VSC-HVDC project (2019, China, 4*1250MW, synchronized connected between two 500kV AC systems), Zhangbei DC grid VSC -HVDC project (2020, China, 4500MW, connected with island renewable energy), both utilized grid -forming control, and also in Zambezi Link (2009, Hitachi, connected with weak AC system). Worldwide several VSC - HVDC projects from different manufacturers applying grid -forming control are currently in execution phase.
No standard has been proposed by IEC. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a standard to unify the external behaviors of grid-forming VSC-HVDC worldwide.
This IEC ahG18 has been consolidating since 07/25 the content for the PWI attached to this NP:
“260319_TC115_ahG18_PWI_Outline”.
The PWI summarizes the functional specification of grid -forming controls of HVDC systems in three main chapters:
Chapter 3 – Terms and definitions
Chapter 4 – Grid-forming functionalities and functions
Chapter 5 – Testing of grid-forming functionalities
Due consideration was given during the PWI preparation on further available material on grid -forming controls as applicable for HVDC application. Especially nomenclature is kept consistent with Cigré B4 grid-forming coordination group. References used for the PWI are summarized in the Chapter Bibliography.
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