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ISO/NP 26532 Water quality — Specifications for targeted amplification of environmental DNA/RNA samples through PCR

Source:
ISO
Committee:
EH/3/5 - Biological Methods
Categories:
Information management | Standardization. General rules
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Comment period end date:

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Scope

This document provides guidance on the detection and quantification of nucleic acids (NA) from environmental samples using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Environmental Nucleic Acids (eNA) include environmental DNA (eDNA) and environmental RNA (eRNA). This document addresses the validation and application of PCR-based assays, with a focus on macroorganisms. The detection of nucleic acids from microbial and viral sources is discussed in separate documents (ISO/TS 12896; ISO 16099). Specifically, this standard is designed for PCR-based eDNA/eRNA assays for the detection of specific, targeted taxa, and not for community-wide or assemblage detection using metabarcoding. This standard covers eNA amplification from environmental samples of varying matrices, including but not limited to water, air, soil/sediment, fecal samples, and bulk samples. Methods described include quantitative PCR (qPCR), digital PCR (dPCR), and reverse-transcription PCR for species-targeted detection. It also describes the methodological controls required when developing an assay and when using an assay with eNA samples. Finally, this document includes reporting requirements for assay development and assay use. This document excludes procedures that occur before PCR (e.g., eDNA extractions) and after PCR (e. g., interpreting results in the context of a study’s objectives).

Purpose

The guidance can be used for the detection and identification of the presence of larger macroorganisms in a sampled location Regulations surrounding threatened or endangered species, economic and regulatory interest in preventing invasive species spread, and maintenance of healthy ecosystems rely on accurate species detection. The use of molecular methods for the source identification of DNA or RNA that can be collected from environmental samples (eNA – environmental nucleic acids) aids in this detection and identification, thus playing an ever increasingly important role in natural resource management worldwide. One major technique is the use of PCR (polymerase chain reaction) methods such as qPCR, dPCR, and RT-PCR through the application of species or target specific assays. Standardization of the development and use of these assays will ensure reproducible and comparable results across different stakeholders.

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