Standards Development

Scope

This document specifies a data format for BCI application, encompassing a set of synchronized multi -modal neural data, along with behavior and feedback data collected during measurements. The multi -modal neural data includes stereo-electroencephalography (sEEG) data, electrocorticography (ECoG) data, local field potentials (LFPs), and action potentials (APs, also known as spikes). This document focuses on data formatting and information processing for BCI applications and does not specify medical procedures or implant-related device standards.

Purpose

The proposal falls under the domain of information technology, focusing solely on data format standardization. It does not involve medical implants, surgical procedures, or the development of any standards related to medical aspects. Currently, existing BC I data formats primarily support non-invasive modalities such as EEG and fNIRS. However, data from BCI modalities, such as neural spikes, are not yet covered, leading to incompatibility with existing non-invasive data formats. This proposal aims to address this gap by establishing a unified and extensible data format applicable to multi -modal neural data.

For the development of an effective BCI system, it is essential to standardize the data format to handle the complexity of neural recordings and real-time events. However, there are several challenges. First, the integration of signals from neural population at fixed intervals and spikes from individual neurons at irregular intervals, presents difficulties to traditional data formats, such as European Data Format (EDF), Tab - Separated Values (TSV) for stereo-electroencephalography (sEEG) and electrocorticogr aphy (ECoG) data, Neural Event File (NEV) for spikes, Neural Signal Exchange (NSX) for local field potentials (LFPs). Second, the lack of interoperability among these formats hinders efficient data sharing and increases measuring costs. Third, the integration of ancillary data types, such as behavioral metrics and multi modal feedback, further complicates storage requirements. Additionally, synchronizing data of various modalities is essential for capturing the full measuring context.

This document provides requirements and recommendations for standardized neural data format designed for time synchronized, multi-modal BCI technologies. It supports the integration and synchronization of multi - modal neural data, behavioral measures, and f eedback signals. By addressing the specific requirements of BCI research and applications, this format aims to enhance data management efficacy and reliability, thereby facilitating the development and application of BCI technology.