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Standards Development
This document provides guidance on criteria to consider when selecting, implementing, and conducting methods to analyze representative samples of ballast water. These samples will have been collected to determine or indicate compliance (or non-compliance) to the relevant ballast water discharge standard (e.g. International Maritime Organization or the United States). Sample collection should be conductedin a manner consistent with the other documents in this series. This document considers all steps following collection—such as sample transport, sample dilution, and analysis of organisms— through data reporting. Notably, this document may be applied to multiple types of ballast water testing: research, type approval, commissioning, and compliance testing. Finally, because measurements of water quality parameters and residual chemicals may be required in conjunction with biological analyses, they are also considered.
The purpose and desired statistical confidence of measurements will dictate which method is most suitable. The relevant established discharge standards include two organism size classes: 50 µm (10 organisms m-3), 10 and 50 µm (10 organisms mL-1), and three indicator microbes: Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae (serotypes O1 and O139, 1 CFU 100 mL-1 or 1 CFU g-1 wet weight zooplankton), Escherichia coli (250 CFU 100 mL-1), and intestinal enterococci (100 CFU 100 mL-1). Methods to measure each of these size classes and indicator microbes are provided in this document.
NOTE While this document is focused on samples collected aboard a ship, it can be applied to analyses conducted at land-based facilities. Likewise, the primary purpose of the document is to guide the analysis of treated ballast water, but it may also be used for the analysis of uptake (untreated) water.
This is Part 3 of a three-part standard associated with sampling of ballast water. ISO 11711-1 defines arrangements for shipboard ballast piping and fittings that are independent of the sampling apparatus used by sampling teams. ISO 11711-2 provides guidance on the selection and use of sampling apparatus needed to collect and process the samples on board the vessel. This part (Part 3) will provide methodologies to analyse the samples and determine compliance with ballast water discharge regulations (e.g., IMO D-2 discharge standard).
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