Standards Development
This document provides a terminology and basic principles for coordinating multiple risk assessments conducted respectively by different stakeholders of a system of interest and for exchanging their outcomes between stakeholders for implementing coexistence and/or collaboration between humans and machines in manufacturing systems.
The document additionally provides:
– a generic classification of systems with machine(s) and human(s) as constituent
– a generic classification of risk assessments for systems of interest
– a generic classification of stakeholders involved in systems’ lifecycle
– principles of modelling a system for coordinating risk assessments
– principles of exchanging information concerning risk assessments between the stakeholders.
Requirements for risk assessment itself are excluded from the scope of this document.
While this document intends to be applied to systems for industrial automation, it may be applied to other systems where humans and machines coexist.
While it is intended to develop a series of standards consists of multiple Parts in the future, this particular proposal proposes only the first Part of the series of standards, according to the final report of IEC SyC- SM/ahG7 (SyCSM/114/DC).
Some emerging technologies especially information and communication technologies including artificial intelligence could help to provide new safety approaches which achieve safety and efficiency at the same time. The draft IEC Guide 127 provides a guidance for developing safety standards using the concept of Collaborative Safety. In the collaborative Safety, it is expected to achieve collaboration and coexistence between humans and machines, which helps to use effectively human capabilities with taking into account difference of individuals and changing in personal condition, in conjunction with existing safety approaches such as machinery safety and functional safety.
Some safety standards such as ISO 11161(Safety of machinery — Integrated manufacturing systems), ISO 10218-2(Safety requirements for industrial robots - Part 2: Robot systems and integration), and IEC 61511(Functional safety - Safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector) mention about interactions between designers and users from the viewpoint of system. However, each of these standards are specific to a particular domain and detail requirements for the interaction are not sufficiently specified. Additionally, stakeholders involved are not limited to the designer of equipment and their users, but other stakeholders such as system integrators can be involved. Complicated systems can involve multiple machines provided by different suppliers. Every stakeholder must conduct risk assessment from own viewpoint and resulting risk information need to be shared by all stakeholders.
The proposal intends to develop multi-part standard. The first part provides framework for coordinating multiple risk assessments conducted respectively by different stakeholders of a system and for exchanging their outcomes between stakeholders, for the area of Smart Manufacturing. Requirements for a risk assessment itself are not included in the first part, as they are considered outside the scope of this part. Rather, this part only focuses on the coordination of various, related risk assessments for a system involving Collaborative Safety.
The potential further Parts includes:
– Use cases of collaborative safety,
– Lifecycle management for collaborative safety,
– Risk reduction methods for collaborative safety in general common to different approaches,
– Risk reduction methods specific to a particular application for collaborative safety
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