Standards Development
This document applies to direct current (DC) charging couplers for electric bicycles, intended to connect the charger and battery to achieve power and signal transmission.
These DC charging couplers have a rated operating voltage not exceeding 48 V DC and a rated current not exceeding 10 A DC.
This document deals with the technical requirements and test methods of DC charging couplers for electric bicycles, including marking, construction, protection against electric shock, temperature rise, mechanical strength, thermal cycling, humidity exposure, resistance to vibration, resistance to corrosion and so on. Meanwhile, the standard sheets of product types and dimensions are specified in this document.
This document applies to DC charging couplers for primary use outdoors when the ambient temperature is normally within the range of -25 °C to +40 °C.
Electric bicycles are lightweight, convenient, economical, and environmentally friendly. In recent years, they have developed rapidly globally and have a great market demand. The global production of electric bicycles will reach 250 million units per year by 2050 to be predicted.
The DC charging couplers is a component of the electric bicycles charging connection device, installed at the output end of the charger and the input end of the battery, to achieve power and signal transmission.
The operating voltage of DC charging couplers is generally below 48V DC and the operating current is between 1A and 3A DC.
They are usually used outdoors and withstand long-term exposure to sunlight and rain, frequent insertion and withdrawal, frequent temperature changes, vibration during bicycles operation and so on. The product needs to have enough mechanical, electrical, and environmental adaptability to ensure safety and reliablity.
IEC 60320” Appliance couplers for household and similar general purposes” only applies to the appliance couplers with the rated voltage no exceed 250 V (AC) and the rated current no exceed 16 A.IEC 60335 -2- 29” Household and similar electrical appliances - Safety - Part 2-29: Particular requirements for battery chargers” applies to a battery charger entirety, and without specific technical requirements for DC charging couplers. IEC 61984” Connectors - Safety requirements and tests” applies to connectors with rated voltages above 50 V and up to1000 V AC and DC and rated currents up to 125 A per contact. This document does not cover the voltage range of DC charging couplers used for electric bicycles, nor does it consider the technical requirements, such as temperature cycling, alternating humidity and heat, vibration resistance, etc. for complex and variable usage environments, and the technical requirements are lower, which are suitable for general connectors without detailed specifications.
At present, there are two main types of electric bicycle batteries: lead -acid batteries and lithium-ion batteries. Due to differences in charging methods and parameters of different batteries, the chargers cannot be mixed. It is necessary to design the type of DC charging coupler according to the different connected batteries to avoid mixing and misuse of chargers in structure.
Considering the wide application and high market demand of DC charging couplers worldwide, there are safety risks associated with poor quality or improper use, it is necessary to develop a specific standard for the DC charging couplers for electric bicycles.
This document aims at developing a product standard for the DC charging couplers for electric bicycles, so as to deal with or figure out the problems mentioned above and making international technical requirements reach an agreement
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