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Standards Development
This document presents approaches to computer modelling and analysis of wheelchair seating
systems, their occupants, and their interaction.
This document provides a general introduction to biomechanical concepts, computer simulations, and
terminology, and their validation, around the virtual evaluation of wheelchairs and wheelchair seating
systems as a complement to standardized bench testing. This process of analysis facilitates
understanding and sharing of information of how a wheelchair system and humans interact with each
other, revealing potential internal effects on the tissues and interface reactions that cannot otherwise
be observed or measured.
This document presents:
• General principles of computer simulations
• Introductions to product simulation concepts, including inputs and validation
• Introductions to human simulation concepts, including inputs and validation
• Interaction of simulated wheelchair systems and human simulation in the virtual world.
• How product designs can potentially be iterated to optimize the use conditions
• How simulations of bench tests themselves are usable to optimize the methods, or to conduct
simulated testing as part of the design verification and iteration process, prior to conducting bench
testing
• Connection of simulated results with human subject validation in a use environment
This document is relevant to people with a disability, occupational therapists, physical therapists,
biomedical engineers, medical and para medical personnel, and device manufacturers
.
NOTE: Data and analyses from standardized bench tests and simulations are not appropriate for
ranking or scoring wheelchair seating elements nor for directly matching these characteristics with the
requirements of individual users. While the results can aid the clinician in providing care to the patient
through selection of physical characteristics that will, in their professional judgment, aid the care,
treatment, or recovery of the patient, these pre-clinical analyses are not to be interpreted as
prescriptive in and of themselves.
There are places were physical testing of the effects of cushions on skin tissues cannot be carried out, and in these instances modelling and simulation are the only means to investigate this interaction.
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