Standards Development
This document presents the latest knowledge related to hydrogen embrittlement, translated into know-how in a manner that is complete yet simple, and directly applicable to steel fasteners
High strength mechanical steel fasteners are broadly characterized by tensile strengths (Rm) above 1 000 MPa and are often used in critical applications such as in bridges, engines, aircraft, where a fastener failure can have catastrophic consequences. Preventing failures and managing the risk of hydrogen embrittlement (HE) is a fundamental consideration implicating the entire fastener supply chain, including: the steel mill, the fastener manufacturer, the coater, the application engineer, the joint designer, all the way to the end user. Hydrogen embrittlement has been studied for decades, yet the complex nature of HE phenomena and the many variables make the occurrence of fastener failures unpredictable. Researches are typically conducted under simplified and/or idealiz d conditions that cannot be effectively translated into know-how prescribed in fastener industry standards and practices. Circumstances are further complicated by specifications or standards that are sometimes inadequate and/or unnecessarily alarmist. Inconsistencies and even contradictions in fastener industry standards have led to much confusion and many preventable fastener failures. The fact that HE is very often mistakenly determined to be the root cause of failure as opposed to a mechanism of failure reflects the confusion.
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