Standards Development

Scope

This document specifies safety requirements and the means for their verification for driverless industrial trucks (hereafter referred as trucks) and their systems.

NOTE 1 Examples of industrial trucks can be found in ISO 5053‑1:2020For the purpose of this document, driverless industrial trucks are:

— powered mobile machines;

— having at least three wheels;

— operating in an industrial environment;

— designed to carry, tow, push, lift, tier in a rack, or stack a load (load handling);

— controlled by automation, independent of their level of autonomy and;

— which remain stable in the absence of power.

NOTE 2 Level of autonomy is to be understood as type of navigation.

This document is also applicable to trucks which are provided with one or more of the following:

— automatic modes which either require operators’ actions to initiate or enable such automatic operations;

— the capability to transport one or more riders (which are not considered as drivers);

— additional modes which allow operators to operate the truck manually;

— maintenance modes which allow manual operation of truck functions for maintenance reasons.

This document is applicable where trucks operate in an area of application where people have specific training, instruction or awareness.

This document is applicable to all significant hazards, hazardous situations or hazardous events during all phases of the lifecycle (ISO 12100:2010, 5.4), as listed in Annex B, relevant to the applicable machines when they are used as intended and under conditions of misuse which are reasonably foreseeable. This document is not applicable to the following:

— solely mechanically guided trucks;

— trucks that are solely remotely controlled by an operator (see ISO/DIS 3691‑1:2025).This document does not cover significant hazards related to:

— protection against corruption;

— special requirements for guards / adjustable guards restricting access;

— noise;

— vibrations;

— ionising and non-ionising radiation;

— laser radiation;

— cleaning of internal parts;

— sales literature (commercial documents);

— supervisory function;

— declaration of vibrations transmitted by mobile machinery;

— self-evolving behaviour or logic (e.g, artificial intelligence).

It does not address the hazards that can occur:

— during operation in severe conditions (e.g. extreme climates, freezer applications, strong magnetic fields);

— during operation in nuclear environments;

— during operation on a public road;

— during operation in potentially explosive environments;

— during operation in military applications;

— during operation with specific hygienic requirements;

— during operation in ionizing radiation environments;

— during the transportation of (a) person(s) other than (the) intended rider(s);

— when handling loads the nature of which can lead to dangerous situations (e.g. molten metals, acids/bases, radiating materials);

— for rider positions with an elevation function higher than 1 200 mm from the floor/ground to the platform floor.

This document does not contain safety requirements for trucks intended to operate in public zones or spaces accessible to any persons without specific training, instruction or awareness.

This document does not contain safety requirements for trailer(s) being towed behind a truck.

This document does not contain specific safety requirements for elevated operator trucks.

This document does not apply to trucks manufactured before the date of its publication.

This document does not take into consideration domestic animals as they are not expected to be present in industrial environments.