Standards Development

Scope

This International Standard (ISO 13571-1) is one of many tools available for use in fire safety engineering. It is intended to be used in conjunction with fire test data such as those detailed in ISO 13571-5 and models for analysis of the initiation and development of fire, fire spread, smoke formation and movement, chemical species generation, transport and decay, and people movement, as well as fire detection and suppression. This International Standard is to be used only within this context.

This International Standard is intended to address the consequences of human exposure to the life-threatening components of fire. The time-dependent concentrations of fire effluents and the thermal environment of a fire are determined by the rate of fire growth, the yields of the various fire gases produced from the involved fuels, the decay characteristics of those fire gases and the ventilation pattern (see B.1). Once these are determined, the methodology presented in this International Standard can be used for the estimation of the time at which individuals can be expected to experience compromised tenability.

This guidance can also be applied to estimation of the time limit for rescuing people who are immobile due to injury, medical condition, etc.

This International Standard establishes formulae to evaluate the life-threatening components of fire hazard analysis in terms of the status of exposed human subjects at discrete time intervals. It makes possible the estimation of the time at which occupants can experience compromised tenability (see A.2). It enables estimation of a compromised tenability endpoint for each of the fire effluent components, with the most important endpoint being the earliest to occur.

The life-threatening components addressed in the 13571 series include fire-effluent toxicity, heat, and visual obscuration due to smoke. In cases where the effluent composition is available, the toxic gas model is used for assessment of fire-effluent toxicity. For those cases where the effluent composition is unknown, an additional mass-loss model using generic toxic potency values is provided in ISO 13571-5.