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This International Standard describes the actions of wind on structures and specifies methods for calculating the characteristic values of wind loads for use in the design of buildings, towers, chimneys, bridges and other structures, as well as their components and appendages. The loads are compatible with ISO 2394 and other International Standards related to wind loads.
The Standard provides basic methods for determining wind loading analytically. It includes the evaluation of design pressures, along-wind and cross-wind forces and moments for structures of simple shape and wind directionality effects (e.g., simple topography and surroundings). For structures with complex shapes and wind directionality effects, wind tunnel or computation-based methods are used to determine pressures, forces and moments. These methods account for complex combinations of forces and moments. Structures that are unusual in shape, size, or complexity (e.g. tall buildings, long-span bridges, large-span roofs, guyed masts, offshore and moving structures) typically require a specialized engineering study. This International Standard provides some guidance on its limitations for these types of structures.
This Standard facilitates the conversion between peak and mean wind speed methodologies and covers the three main storm types: synoptic winds, thunderstorms and tropical cyclones (hurricanes and typhoons). Specifically, it outlines the method of analytical determination of design wind loads based on 3-second gust wind speed at a height of 10 meters over open country terrain. The procedure can also be applied to other time-averaging wind speeds with appropriate adjustments to the relevant parameters. If only the mean wind speed for different averaging times is available, conversion to the reference wind speed (T = 3 seconds) shall be conducted, as outlined in Annex A. Additionally, any parameter without a defined averaging time, T, is considered a peak value with T = 3 seconds, as specified in this International Standard.
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